Ibikoresho bya elegitoronike IC Chips Yuzuzanya Yuzuzanya IC TPS74701QDRCRQ1 ikibanza kimwe kugura

Isano iri hagati ya wafer na chip

Incamake ya wafer

Kugira ngo wumve isano iri hagati ya wafer na chip, ibikurikira nubusobanuro bwibintu byingenzi bigize wafer na chip ubumenyi.

(i) Wafer ni iki

Wafers ni wafer ya silicon ikoreshwa mugukora silicon semiconductor ihuza imiyoboro, bita wafer kubera imiterere yizunguruka;zirashobora gutunganyirizwa kuri waferi ya silicon kugirango zikore ibice bitandukanye byumuzunguruko kandi bihindurwe ibicuruzwa byumuzunguruko hamwe nibikorwa byihariye byamashanyarazi.Ibikoresho fatizo bya wafer ni silikoni, kandi hariho itangwa ridasubirwaho rya dioxyde de silicon hejuru yubutaka bwisi.Amabuye ya dioxyde ya Silicon yatunganijwe mu ziko ry’amashanyarazi arc, chlorine hamwe na acide hydrochloric hanyuma akayungurura kugirango akore polysilicon yuzuye ifite isuku ya 99.99999999999%.

(ii) Ibikoresho by'ibanze bya wafer

Silicon yatunganijwe kuva kumusenyi wa quartz hanyuma wafers isukurwa (99,999%) ivuye mubintu bya silicon, hanyuma igakorwa mu nkoni ya silicon ihinduka ibikoresho bya semiconductor ya quartz kumuzunguruko.

(iii) Uburyo bwo gukora Wafer

Wafers nibikoresho byibanze byo gukora chipi ya semiconductor.Ibikoresho byingenzi byingenzi bya semiconductor byinjijwemo ni silikoni bityo bikaba bihuye na wafer ya silicon.

Silicon iboneka cyane muri kamere muburyo bwa silicates cyangwa dioxyde ya silicon mumabuye na kaburimbo.Gukora wafer ya silicon irashobora kuvunagurwa muburyo butatu: gutunganya silikoni no kwezwa, gukura kwa kirisiti imwe ya kirisiti, no gukora wafer.

Iya mbere ni ugusukura silikoni, aho ibikoresho fatizo byumucanga na kaburimbo bishyirwa mu itanura ryamashanyarazi ku bushyuhe bwa dogere 2000 ° C kandi hari isoko ya karubone.Ku bushyuhe bwinshi, karubone na dioxyde ya silikoni mu mucanga na kaburimbo bigira imiti (karubone ikomatanya na ogisijeni, igasiga silikoni) kugira ngo ibone silikoni yera ifite ubuziranenge bwa 98%, izwi kandi nka silicon yo mu rwego rwa metallurgie, itari yo cyera bihagije kubikoresho bya microelectronic kubera ko amashanyarazi yibikoresho bya semiconductor yunvikana cyane kwibanda kumwanda.Icyuma cya silicon yo mu rwego rwa Metallurgiki rero cyongeye kwezwa: silicon yo mu cyiciro cya metallurgical yamenetse ikorerwa chlorine hamwe na hydrogène ya hydrogène ya chloride kugirango itange silane y'amazi, hanyuma igashwanyaguzwa kandi ikagabanywa na chimique nuburyo butanga silikoni nziza cyane ya polikristaline ifite ubuziranenge bwa 99.99999999999 %, ihinduka ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki silicon.

Ibikurikira biza gukura kwa monocrystalline silicon, uburyo bukunze kwitwa gukurura bitaziguye (uburyo bwa CZ).Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo gikurikira, polysilicon ifite isuku nyinshi ishyirwa muri quartz ikomeye kandi igashyuha ubudahwema hamwe na hoteri ishushanya ikikije hanze, igakomeza ubushyuhe bugera kuri 1400 ° C.Gazi iri mu itanura ubusanzwe iba inert, ituma polysilicon ishonga idashizeho imiti idashaka.Kugirango habeho kristu imwe, icyerekezo cya kristu nacyo kiragenzurwa: ingenzi izunguruka hamwe na polysilicon yashonga, kristu yimbuto iyinjizamo, kandi inkoni yo gushushanya itwarwa muburyo bunyuranye mugihe gahoro gahoro kandi igahagarara hejuru hejuru ya silicon yashonga.Polysilicon yashonze ifata munsi yimbuto ya kirisiti kandi ikura hejuru yerekeza mu cyerekezo cya gahunda ya kirisiti.