Gutanga bishyushye Ic chip (Ibikoresho bya elegitoronike IC Semiconductor chip) XAZU3EG-1SFVC784I

Ibiranga ibicuruzwa

Tanga amakuru y'ibicuruzwa

Reba Bisa

Inyandiko & Itangazamakuru

Ibidukikije & Kohereza ibicuruzwa mu byiciro

Sisitemu-kuri-chip(SoC)

A.Sisitemu kuri chipcyangwaSisitemu-kuri-chip(SoC) ni anumuzengurukoihuza byinshi cyangwa byose bigize mudasobwa cyangwa ikindisisitemu ya elegitoroniki.Ibi bice hafi ya byose birimo aigice cyo gutunganya hagati(CPU),kwibukaImigaragarire, kuri chipkwinjiza / ibisohokaibikoresho,kwinjiza / ibisohokaImigaragarire, naububiko bwa kabiriImigaragarire, akenshi hamwe nibindi bice nkamodem ya radiona aishami rishinzwe gutunganya amashusho(GPU) - byose kuri kimwesubstratecyangwa microchip.^[1]Irashobora kuba irimoimibare,analog,kuvanga-ibimenyetso, kandi kenshiradiyo gutunganya ibimenyetsoimikorere (ubundi ifatwa nkibikorwa byo gusaba gusa).

Ibikorwa-byo hejuru cyane SoCs ikunze guhuzwa nububiko bwihariye kandi butandukanye kumubiri hamwe nububiko bwa kabiri (nkaLPDDRnaeUFScyangwaeMMC, uko bikurikirana) chip, zishobora gutondekwa hejuru ya SoC mubyo bizwi nka aipaki(PoP) iboneza, cyangwa bigashyirwa hafi ya SoC.Byongeye kandi, SoCs irashobora gukoresha umugozi utandukanyemodem.^[2]

SoCs itandukanye nibisanzwe gakondoikibaho-bishingiyePC ubwubatsi, itandukanya ibice bishingiye kumikorere ikabihuza ikoresheje ikibaho cyo hagati cyumuzunguruko.^{[nb 1]}Mugihe inzu yububiko ikanahuza ibice bitandukana cyangwa bisimburwa, SoCs ihuza ibyo bice byose mumuzunguruko umwe.SoC izahuza CPU, ibishushanyo na interineti yibuka,^{[nb 2]}ububiko bwa kabiri hamwe na USB ihuza,^{[nb 3]} kubishakanaSoma gusa kwibukanububiko bwa kabiri na / cyangwa abagenzuzi babo kumuzunguruko umwe bapfa, mugihe ikibaho cyababyeyi cyahuza izi module nkibicecyangwaamakarita yo kwagura.

SoC ihuza amicrocontroller,microprocessorcyangwa wenda gutunganya ibintu byinshi hamwe na periferiya nka aGPU,Wi-Finaumuyoboro wa selireradiyo modem, na / cyangwa umwe cyangwa benshiabakora.Bisa nuburyo microcontroller ihuza microprocessor hamwe na sisitemu ya periferique hamwe nububiko, SoC irashobora kugaragara nko guhuza microcontroller hamwe nibindi byateye imbereperiferiya.Kubisobanuro rusange byo guhuza sisitemu, rebasisitemu yo kwishyira hamwe.

Ibice byinshi bya sisitemu ya mudasobwa igizwe nezaimikorereno kugabanyagukoresha ingufukimwe naigice cya kabiri kirapfaagace kuruta gushushanya byinshi hamwe nibikorwa bisa.Ibi biza ku giciro cyo kugabanukagusimburwaby'ibigize.Mubisobanuro, Ibishushanyo bya SoC byuzuye cyangwa hafi byuzuye mubice bitandukanyemodule.Kubwizo mpamvu, habaye inzira rusange iganisha ku guhuza ibice muriinganda zikoresha mudasobwa, igice bitewe ningaruka za SoCs namasomo twakuye kumasoko agendanwa kandi yashyizwemo isoko rya mudasobwa.SoCs irashobora kubonwa nkigice cyerekezo nini iganaMudasobwanakwihuta.

SoCs irasanzwe cyane muriKubara(nko muriamaterefonenamudasobwa ya tablet) naKubaraamasoko.^[3][4]Zikoreshwa kandi murisisitemu yashyizwemonka WiFi ya router naInterineti y'ibintu.

Ubwoko

Muri rusange, hari ubwoko butatu butandukanye bwa SoCs:

• SoCs yubatswe hafi amicrocontroller,
• SoCs yubatswe hafi amicroprocessor, bikunze kuboneka muri terefone zigendanwa;
• ByihariyePorogaramu yihariyeSoCs yagenewe porogaramu zihariye zidahuye nibyiciro bibiri byavuzwe haruguru.

Porogaramu [Hindura]

SoCs irashobora gukoreshwa mubikorwa byose byo kubara.Nyamara, mubisanzwe bikoreshwa muri mudasobwa igendanwa nka tableti, terefone zigendanwa, amasaha yubwenge na netbook kimwe nasisitemu yashyizwemono muri porogaramu aho mberemicrocontrollersByakoreshwa.

Sisitemu yashyizwemo [Hindura]

Aho mbere hashobora gukoreshwa microcontrollers gusa, SoCs irazamuka cyane mumasoko ya sisitemu yashyizwemo.Sisitemu ikomatanya itanga ubwizerwe bwiza kandibivuze igihe hagati yo gutsindwa, na SoCs zitanga imikorere yiterambere nimbaraga zo kubara kuruta microcontrollers.^[5]Porogaramu zirimoKwihuta kwa AI, yashyizwemoicyerekezo cyimashini,^[6] ikusanyamakuru,telemetrie,gutunganya inzitizinaubwenge bwibidukikije.Akenshi washyizwemo SoCs igamijeinterineti yibintu,inganda zo mu nganda ibintunaKubaraamasoko.

Mudasobwa igendanwa [Hindura]

Mudasobwa igendanwaishingiye kuri SoCs buri gihe ihuza abayitunganya, kwibuka, kuri chipcashe,imiyoboro idafite umugoziubushobozi kandi kenshikamera ya digitaleibyuma nibikoresho.Hamwe no kongera ubunini bwibikoresho, amaherezo ya SoCs ntabwo azigera yibuka na flash ububiko kandi aho, kwibuka naflash memorybizashyirwa kuruhande, cyangwa hejuru (ipaki), SoC.^[7]Ingero zimwe za mudasobwa zigendanwa SoCs zirimo:

• Samsung Electronics:urutonde, ubusanzwe bishingiyeINGABO
  • Exynos, ikoreshwa cyane cyane na SamsungGalaxyurukurikirane rwa terefone
• Qualcomm:
  • Snapdragon(urutonde), ikoreshwa muri benshiLG,Xiaomi,Google Pixel,HTCna telefone zigendanwa za Samsung Galaxy.Muri 2018, Snapdragon SoCs ikoreshwa nkumugongo wamudasobwa igendanwakwirukaWindows 10, bigurishwa nka "Buri gihe PC ihujwe".^[8][9]