UkurikijeUbucuruzi bwa Koreya, Amerika n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi bishimangira umutekano w’ubukungu birimo Ubushinwa.Mu gusubiza, abahanga bamwe bavuga ko Ubushinwa bushobora guhangana n’ibintu bidasanzwe by’ubutaka (REEs).
Nkuko twese tubizi, kimwe mubikoresho byingenzi byingenzi byo gukora chip ni isi idasanzwe.Ubutaka budakunze gukwirakwizwa cyane ku mabuye y'agaciro ku isi, kandi kubera ingorane zo gushonga, kubatandukanya no kubisukura, kandi inzira yo kubikemura nayo itanga umwanda w’ibidukikije n’ibindi bibazo, bityo ibihugu by’umusaruro birabujijwe kandi agaciro gake ni nini.
Kugeza ubu, isi idasanzwe ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zigezweho nka semiconductor, terefone zigendanwa, bateri y’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, laseri, n’indege zirwana, bityo zikaba zizwi nka “vitamine y’inganda zigezweho”.
Ku ruhande rumwe, Ubushinwa bukungahaye ku butunzi budasanzwe bw'isi.Nk’uko USGS ibigaragaza, Ubushinwa bufite 60% by'umusaruro rusange wa REE ku isi mu 2021, ugakurikirwa na Amerika (15.4%), Miyanimari (9.3%) na Ositaraliya (7.9%).Muri uwo mwaka, Amerika niyo igura REEs nini ku isi.
Intwaro za REE mu Bushinwa zatangiye kwihuta muri Gicurasi 2019, igihe intambara y’ubucuruzi hagati y’Amerika n'Ubushinwa igeze ahakomeye.Imyaka ibiri irashize, yaremye UwitekaUbushinwa Ntibisanzwemuguhuza ibigo bitatu bya leta nibigo bibiri byubushakashatsi.Ubu itsinda rifite ibice birenga 70% by’ubushinwa budasanzwe.Ubushinwa bwatangaje inshuro nyinshi ko hashobora kugenzurwa ibicuruzwa bidasanzwe byoherezwa mu mahanga ku isi, kandi ingamba zo guhangana n’Amerika na EU zikomeje kuba zidahagije.Ni ukubera ko ibyo bintu bidasanzwe kandi umusaruro wabyo ushobora kwangiza ibidukikije.
Mubyukuri, guverinoma y'Ubushinwa yagabanije ibyoherezwa mu Buyapani mu gihe cy'amakimbirane yo mu birwa bya Diaoyu mu mwaka wa 2010. N'ubwo Ubuyapani bwashyizeho ingufu mu gutandukanya ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga bituruka ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga bikiri 100%, aho ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa biva hejuru ya 60 % by'Ubuyapani ibintu bidasanzwe by'isi.
Kurundi ruhande, tekinoroji idasanzwe yo gutunganya isi Ubushinwa nabwo buyoboye isi.Mbere, itangazamakuru ryerekanaga ko "se w’ubutaka budasanzwe bw’Ubushinwa" Xu Guangxian yazamuye ikoranabuhanga ridasanzwe ryo gutunganya isi mu Bushinwa ku rwego rwa mbere ku isi, kandi bizatwara nibura imyaka 8-15 kugira ngo Amerika ifate ikoranabuhanga ryacu. !
Igikomeye cyane ni uko Ubushinwaimbibi zidasanzwe ku isintabwo ari umutungo gusa, ahubwo harimo nubuhanga budasanzwe bwo kweza isi mubushinwa hamwe nubuhanga budasanzwe bwo gutandukanya isi bushobora kugera kuri 99,999%.Uru nuruhare rukomeye kwisi yose, kandi nikibazo cyikoranabuhanga "ijosi" kuri Amerika muri iki gihe.
Muri make, isi idasanzwe irashobora gufatwa nkumutungo wigihugu.Kuri iyi nshuro, Ubushinwa bufite intego yo gukoresha ibintu bidasanzwe ku isi kugira ngo bigabweho igitero, twavuga ko byibasiye “santimetero ndwi” za Amerika.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-24-2023