Imicungire y'amashanyarazi IC chip ahanini icunga ingufu z'amashanyarazi, gukwirakwiza, gutahura no gucunga ingufu muri sisitemu y'ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.Imicungire yumuriro wa semiconductor uhereye kubikoresho birimo, kwibanda ku buryo bugaragara imicungire yingufu zuzuzanya (imicungire yimbaraga za IC, zitwa chip power power) umwanya ninshingano.Imicungire yumuriro wa semiconductor ikubiyemo ibice bibiri, aribyo gucunga imiyoboro ihuriweho nu mashanyarazi no gucunga amashanyarazi discret semiconductor.
Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwimicungire yimbaraga zuzuzanya, zishobora kugabanywa hafi mumashanyarazi ya voltage hamwe nu murongo wa interineti.Umuyoboro wa voltage urimo umurongo muto wa voltage ugabanuka (ni ukuvuga LOD), ibintu byiza kandi bibi bisohoka byuruhererekane, byongeyeho, nta moderi yubugari bwa modulisiyo (PWM) yo guhinduranya ibintu, nibindi.
Bitewe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga, ingano yumubiri wumuzunguruko wa digitale muri chip ihuriweho hamwe igenda iba ntoya kandi ntoya, bityo amashanyarazi akora aratera imbere yerekeza kuri voltage nkeya, kandi urukurikirane rwimikorere mishya ya voltage igaragara mugihe gikwiye.Imbaraga zicunga imiyoboro yumuzunguruko ikubiyemo cyane cyane umushoferi wa interineti, umushoferi wa moteri, umushoferi wa MOSFET hamwe na voltage nini / hejuru yerekana umushoferi, nibindi.
Ubwoko umunani bwimbaraga zo gucunga IC chip
Imicungire yububasha bwa disiketi ya semiconductor ikubiyemo ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe byimbaraga za semiconductor, bishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri, kimwe kirimo gukosora na thyristor;Ubundi ni ubwoko bwa triode, burimo imbaraga za bipolar transistor, zirimo MOS imiterere yingufu zingufu za transistor (MOSFET) hamwe na transiporo ya bipolar transistor (IGBT).
Mubice kubera ikwirakwizwa ryimbaraga zo gucunga amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi ya semiconductor yahinduwe amashanyarazi acunga amashanyarazi.Nukuri kuberako imiyoboro myinshi ihuriweho (IC) murwego rwo gutanga amashanyarazi, abantu barushaho gucunga amashanyarazi kugirango bahamagare icyiciro cyubu cyikoranabuhanga ryo gutanga amashanyarazi.
Imicungire yumuriro wa semiconductor mugice cyambere cyogucunga ingufu IC, irashobora kuvugwa muri make nka 8 ikurikira.
1. Guhindura AC / DC IC.Harimo imbaraga nke zo kugenzura inzitizi hamwe na transistor yo hejuru ya voltage.
2. Guhindura DC / DC IC.Harimo kuzamura / kumanura-kugenzura, no kwishyuza pompe.
3. imbaraga zingirakamaro kugenzura PFC yabanje IC.Tanga amashanyarazi yinjiza hamwe nibikorwa byo gukosora imbaraga.
4. guhinduranya pulse cyangwa pulse amplitude modulation PWM / PFM igenzura IC.Impinduka yumubyigano hamwe na / cyangwa ubugari bwubugenzuzi bwimikorere yo gutwara ibintu hanze.
5. guhinduranya umurongo IC (nkumurongo muto wa voltage igenzura LDO, nibindi).Harimo imbere nibitagenda neza, hamwe na voltage ntoya LDO modulasiyo.
6. kwishyuza bateri no gucunga IC.Harimo kwishyuza bateri, kurinda no kwerekana amashanyarazi, hamwe na “ubwenge” ya batiri yo gutumanaho amakuru.
7. Swap board ishyushye igenzura IC (usonewe ingaruka zo kwinjiza cyangwa gukuraho indi interface muri sisitemu y'akazi).
8. MOSFET cyangwa IGBT imikorere yo guhindura IC.
Muri ibyo bikoresho byo gucunga ingufu, kugenzura voltage ICS niterambere ryihuta kandi ritanga umusaruro.Imbaraga zinyuranye zo gucunga ics muri rusange zifitanye isano numubare ujyanye na porogaramu, bityo ubwoko bwibikoresho byinshi birashobora gutondekwa kubikorwa bitandukanye.
Uburyo bwa tekinike yo gucunga ingufu nubushobozi buhanitse, gukoresha ingufu nke nubwenge.Gutezimbere imikorere ikubiyemo ibintu bibiri bitandukanye: kuruhande rumwe, imikorere rusange yo guhindura ingufu irakomeza mugihe hagabanijwe ubunini bwibikoresho;Kurundi ruhande, ingano yo kurinda ntigihinduka, itezimbere cyane imikorere.
Kurwanya leta kuri reta ya AC / DC bihura no gukenera adaptate nziza hamwe nibikoresho bitanga ingufu muri porogaramu za mudasobwa n'itumanaho.Mu gishushanyo mbonera cy’amashanyarazi, ingufu rusange zo gukoresha ingufu zaragabanutse kugera munsi ya 1W, kandi ingufu zishobora kwiyongera kugera kuri 90%.Kugirango ugabanye ingufu zikoreshwa muri iki gihe, hakenewe tekinolojiya mishya yo gukora IC hamwe niterambere mugushushanya amashanyarazi make.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-20-2022