Imicungire y'amashanyarazi chip IC nikigo gitanga amashanyarazi no guhuza ibicuruzwa nibikoresho byose bya elegitoroniki, bishinzwe guhindura, gukwirakwiza, gutahura nibindi bikorwa byo kugenzura ingufu zisabwa, ni igikoresho cyingenzi cyibikoresho bya elegitoroniki nibikoresho.Muri icyo gihe, hamwe niterambere rya interineti yibintu, ingufu nshya, ubwenge bwubukorikori, robotike nizindi nzego zikoreshwa zikoreshwa, isoko yo hepfo yimicungire yamashanyarazi yatangije amahirwe mashya yiterambere.Ibikurikira nukumenyekanisha ibyiciro, gushyira mubikorwa no guca imanza zicunga IC chip ubuhanga bujyanye.
Imicungire yimbaraga za chip
Mubice kubera ikwirakwizwa ryimbaraga zo gucunga amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi ya semiconductor yahinduwe amashanyarazi acunga amashanyarazi.Nukuri kuberako imiyoboro myinshi ihuriweho (IC) murwego rwo gutanga amashanyarazi, abantu barushaho gucunga amashanyarazi kugirango bahamagare icyiciro cyubu cyikoranabuhanga ryo gutanga amashanyarazi.Imicungire yumuriro wa semiconductor mugice cyambere cyogucunga ingufu IC, irashobora kuvugwa muri make nka 8 ikurikira.
1. Guhindura AC / DC IC.Harimo imbaraga nke zo kugenzura inzitizi hamwe na transistor yo hejuru ya voltage.
2. Guhindura DC / DC IC.Harimo kuzamura / kumanura-kugenzura, no kwishyuza pompe.
3. imbaraga zingirakamaro kugenzura PFC yabanje IC.Tanga amashanyarazi yinjiza hamwe nibikorwa byo gukosora imbaraga.
4. guhinduranya pulse cyangwa pulse amplitude modulation PWM / PFM igenzura IC.Impinduka yumubyigano hamwe na / cyangwa ubugari bwubugenzuzi bwimikorere yo gutwara ibintu hanze.
5. guhinduranya umurongo IC (nkumurongo muto wa voltage igenzura LDO, nibindi).Harimo imbere nibitagenda neza, hamwe na voltage ntoya LDO modulasiyo.
6. kwishyuza bateri no gucunga IC.Harimo kwishyuza bateri, kurinda no kwerekana amashanyarazi, hamwe na “ubwenge” ya batiri yo gutumanaho amakuru.
7. Swap board ishyushye igenzura IC (usonewe ingaruka zo kwinjiza cyangwa gukuraho indi interface muri sisitemu y'akazi).
8. MOSFET cyangwa IGBT imikorere yo guhindura IC.
Muri ibyo bikoresho byo gucunga ingufu, kugenzura voltage ICS niterambere ryihuta kandi ritanga umusaruro.Imbaraga zinyuranye zo gucunga ics muri rusange zifitanye isano numubare ujyanye na porogaramu, bityo ubwoko bwibikoresho byinshi birashobora gutondekwa kubikorwa bitandukanye.
Babiri, ikoreshwa rya chip yo gucunga amashanyarazi
Ingano yo gucunga ingufu ni nini cyane, harimo no guhindura ingufu zigenga gusa (cyane cyane DC kugeza DC, aribyo DC / DC), gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi no kumenya, ariko kandi hamwe no guhindura amashanyarazi hamwe na sisitemu yo gucunga ingufu.Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibyiciro bya chip yo gucunga amashanyarazi nabyo bikubiyemo izi ngingo, nka chip power power, chip reference chip, chip power power, LCD chip chip, chip shoferi ya LED, chip detection voltage chip, chip yo gucunga bateri nibindi.
Niba igishushanyo mbonera cyumuriro wogutanga amashanyarazi hamwe n urusaku rwinshi no guhagarika imvururu, byasabwe gufata agace gato ka PCB (urugero, terefone zigendanwa nibindi bicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki), amashanyarazi ntiyemerewe gukoresha inductor (nka terefone igendanwa) , kalibrasi yinzibacyuho nibisohoka ingufu za leta zigomba kuba imikorere yo kwisuzuma, kugabanuka k'umuvuduko bisabwa na voltage stabilisateur no gukoresha ingufu nkeya, umurongo wigiciro gito nigisubizo cyoroshye, Noneho amashanyarazi kumurongo ni amahitamo akwiye.Aya mashanyarazi akubiyemo tekinoroji ikurikira: ibyerekeranye na voltage yerekana neza, imikorere ihanitse, urusaku ruke rukora amplifier, igabanuka rya voltage nkeya, imiyoboro ihagaze neza.
Usibye amashanyarazi yibanze yo guhindura chip, chip yo gucunga amashanyarazi nayo ikubiyemo chip yo kugenzura ingufu hagamijwe gukoresha ingufu neza.Nka bateri ya NiH ifite ubwenge bwihuse bwo kwishyuza chip, kwishyuza batiri ya lithium ion hamwe na chip yo gucunga ibicuruzwa, bateri ya lithium ion hejuru ya voltage, hejuru yumuyaga, hejuru yubushyuhe, chip yo gukingira imiyoboro ngufi;Mu murongo w'amashanyarazi no kugarura bateri ihindura imiyoborere chip, USB power power chip;Amashanyarazi yishyurwa, imiyoboro myinshi LDO itanga amashanyarazi, kugenzura ingufu zikurikirana, kurinda byinshi, kwishyuza bateri no gucunga amashanyarazi akomeye, nibindi.
Cyane cyane mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki.Kurugero, DVD igendanwa, terefone igendanwa, kamera ya digitale nibindi, hafi hamwe nibice 1-2 bya chip yo gucunga amashanyarazi birashobora gutanga amashanyarazi menshi-mashanyarazi, kuburyo imikorere ya sisitemu nziza.
Bitatu, ububiko bwimbaraga zo gucunga chip ubuhanga cyangwa bubi bwo guca imanza
Ububiko bwa powerboard chip ni ingenzi cyane mububiko, tuzi ko ibice bikora kugirango uhuze iki kibazo, kimwe ni voltage, ikindi ni imbaraga.Ikibaho cya powerboard power chip ishinzwe voltage ya buri gice cya chip ya kibaho.Iyo ikibaho kibi cyashyizwe imbere yacu, dushobora kubanza kumenya chip yo gucunga amashanyarazi ya kibaho hanyuma tukareba niba chip ifite voltage.
1) Mbere ya byose nyuma yuko chip yo gucunga ingufu za Mainboard yamenetse, CPU ntizakora, nukuvuga ko nta bushyuhe buzabaho nyuma yuko ikibaho gikoreshwa na CPU, iki gihe urashobora gukoresha kanda ya diode ya metero kugerageza guhangana na coil ya inductor hamwe nubutaka niba metero igabanije agaciro ko kwihanganira kuzamuka kugirango ugaragaze ko chip yo gucunga amashanyarazi ari nziza, kurundi ruhande, hari ikibazo.
) amashanyarazi yo gucunga amashanyarazi ni amakosa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-13-2022