Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki Umuzunguruko Bom Urutonde Mcu TLC7733IDR LMR33630BQRNXRQ1 LM431CIM3 / NOPB TMS320F28033PAGT IC Chip

1.Igishushanyo cya chip.

Intambwe yambere mugushushanya, gushiraho intego

Intambwe yingenzi muburyo bwa IC ni ibisobanuro.Ibi ni nko guhitamo umubare wibyumba nubwiherero ushaka, kodegisi yinyubako ukeneye kubahiriza, hanyuma ugakomeza igishushanyo nyuma yo kumenya imikorere yose kugirango udakenera kumara igihe cyinyongera kubihindura nyuma;Igishushanyo cya IC gikeneye kunyura muburyo busa kugirango tumenye neza ko chip yavuyemo izaba idafite amakosa.

Intambwe yambere mubisobanuro ni ukumenya intego ya IC, imikorere icyo aricyo, no gushyiraho icyerekezo rusange.Intambwe ikurikiraho ni ukureba ibyo protocole igomba kubahirizwa, nka IEEE 802.11 kubikarita idafite umugozi, bitabaye ibyo chip ntizishobora guhuzwa nibindi bicuruzwa ku isoko, bigatuma bidashoboka guhuza nibindi bikoresho.Intambwe yanyuma ni ukumenya uko IC izakora, igaha imirimo itandukanye ibice bitandukanye no gushyiraho uburyo ibice bitandukanye bizahuzwa, bityo bikuzuza ibisobanuro.

Nyuma yo gushushanya ibisobanuro, noneho igihe kirageze cyo gushushanya ibisobanuro bya chip.Iyi ntambwe ni nkigishushanyo cyambere cyinyubako, aho igishushanyo mbonera cyashushanijwe kugirango byoroherezwe gushushanya.Kubijyanye na chip ya IC, ibi bikorwa mugukoresha imvugo isobanura ibyuma (HDL) kugirango isobanure uruziga.HDLs nka Verilog na VHDL zikoreshwa muburyo bwo kwerekana byoroshye imikorere ya IC binyuze muri code ya progaramu.Noneho porogaramu isuzumwa neza kandi ihindurwe kugeza yujuje imikorere yifuza.

Imirongo ya fotomasi, gutondekanya chip

Mbere ya byose, ubu birazwi ko IC itanga amafoto menshi, afite ibice bitandukanye, buri kimwe ninshingano zacyo.Igishushanyo gikurikira kirerekana urugero rworoshye rwa fotomask, ukoresheje CMOS, ibyingenzi byingenzi mumuzunguruko uhuriweho, nkurugero.CMOS ni ihuriro rya NMOS na PMOS, ikora CMOS.

Buri ntambwe yasobanuwe hano ifite ubumenyi bwihariye kandi irashobora kwigishwa nkamasomo atandukanye.Kurugero, kwandika imvugo isobanura ibyuma ntibisaba gusa kumenyera ururimi rwa porogaramu, ahubwo bisaba no gusobanukirwa uburyo imirongo yumuzingi ikora, uburyo bwo guhindura algorithms zisabwa muri porogaramu, nuburyo software synthesis ihindura gahunda mumarembo yumvikana.

2. Wafer ni iki?

Mu makuru ya semiconductor, burigihe habaho kwerekeza kuri fab ukurikije ubunini, nka 8 "cyangwa 12" fab, ariko mubyukuri wafer ni iki?Ni ikihe gice cya 8 "bivuga? Kandi ni izihe ngorane zo gukora waferi nini? Ibikurikira ni intambwe ku ntambwe iganisha ku cyo wafer aricyo, umusingi w'ingenzi wa semiconductor.

Wafers niyo shingiro ryo gukora ubwoko bwose bwa chip ya mudasobwa.Turashobora kugereranya gukora chip no kubaka inzu hamwe na bisi ya Lego, tukayitondekanya kumurongo nyuma kugirango dukore ishusho yifuzwa (ni ukuvuga chip zitandukanye).Ariko, udafite urufatiro rwiza, inzu yavuyemo izaba igoramye kandi itagushimishije, kugirango ukore inzu nziza, substrate yoroshye irakenewe.Kubijyanye no gukora chip, iyi substrate ni wafer izasobanurwa ubutaha.

Mubikoresho bikomeye, hariho imiterere yihariye ya kirisiti - monocrystalline.Ifite imitungo atome itunganijwe nyuma yizindi, irema ubuso bunini bwa atome.Wafers ya Monocrystalline irashobora rero gukoreshwa kugirango yujuje ibi bisabwa.Ariko, hariho intambwe ebyiri zingenzi zo kubyara ibintu nkibi, aribyo kweza no gukurura kristu, nyuma yibyo bikoresho birashobora kurangira.