JXSQ chip nshya kandi yumwimerere IC chip REG BUCK ADJ 3.5A 8SOPWR TPS54340DDAR ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki

Kuki chip (cyangwa ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki) ikoresha semiconductor aho gukoresha imiyoboro?

Semiconductor yabaye igice cyingenzi cyubuzima kandi imikoreshereze yabo irahari hose.Hatariho imashanyarazi, nta radiyo, nta mudasobwa, nta terefone igendanwa, nta TV, nta mashini imesa, nta mikino yo kuri videwo, kandi rwose nta icapiro rya 3D, gutwara ibinyabiziga byigenga, imiti y’ubwenge, cyangwa ifotora.Iterambere ryihuse rya enterineti ryibintu naryo ryatumye igice cya semiconductor kirushaho guhinduka.

Nubwo twishingikirije ku buhanga bwa vacuum (tube vacuum, izwi kandi ku izina rya elegitoronike ya elegitoronike, yasimbuwe na semiconductor kubera impamvu zihenze cyane, zidashobora kuramba, ingano, hamwe n’ubushobozi buke, hamwe na electrode na filaments imbere bikora), ibikoresho byinshi bya elegitoroniki byari yaremye.Iyo usubije amaso inyuma ukareba iminsi ya vacuum, tereviziyo, fonografi, na radiyo byose byari bikubiyemo imiyoboro ya vacuum isaba iminota mike yo gushyuha igihe cyose yakoreshwaga kandi yari idahindagurika cyane.Mu myaka 60 ishize, tekinoroji ya semiconductor yemereye ibikoresho kwihuta, bito, kandi bihamye.

None se kuki ukoresha semiconductor kugirango ukore ibyo bikoresho bya elegitoronike, aho gukoresha imiyoboro?

Igice cya kabiri ni iki?Igice cya kabiri ni ibikoresho bitwara amashanyarazi hagati yuyobora (ubusanzwe icyuma) na insulator (cyane cyane ceramic).Semiconductor irashobora kuba ibintu byera (silicon cyangwa germanium) cyangwa ibice (gallium arsenide cyangwa cadmium selenide).Mubikorwa bya doping, umubare muto wumwanda wongewe kumasoko ya semiconductor yera, bikavamo impinduka zikomeye mumashanyarazi yibikoresho.

Ibikoresho byinshi bya elegitoronike bikozwe bishingiye kuri tristoriste, nayo ikora imirimo nka amplification, oscillator, na arithmetic, byose bikorwa na semiconductor.

None se kuki semiconductor atari abayobora?

Kuberako igice cya semiconductor gifite ibintu byinshi bitwara ibintu, abayobora bafite imiyoboro ihanitse cyane, idasabwa buri gihe mubuzima bwa buri munsi.Hamwe na semiconductor hamwe na doping ikwiye, imiyoboro irashobora guhinduka ukurikije ibisabwa.Mugihe kimwe, ntibishoboka gukora dope, imiterere idashobora kugenzurwa ituma bidashoboka kugera kubyo bikenewe (tekereza ko abayobora bafite umubare munini wabatwara ibicuruzwa kandi doping ntigira ingaruka nke).

Dufashe ko ingingo A na B mumuzunguruko zahujwe numuyobora, hazaba voltage hagati yabo kandi umuyaga uzatemba hagati yingingo zombi;nta buryo bwo kugenzura imigendekere yimikorere hano.Ibinyuranye, niba ingingo A na B zahujwe na insulator, ikigezweho ntikizatemba kandi haribintu bike byakorwa kugirango umuyaga ugende (keretse niba voltage yiyongereye kurwego rutatekerezwa).

Ariko, niba transistor ikoreshwa hagati yingingo A na B, itanga uburyo bukomeye bwo kugenzura ikigezweho.Transistor yicaye hagati yingingo A na B, ikongeramo ingingo nshya C kugirango ushyireho itandukaniro rya voltage hagati yingingo C na B bizatera umuyaga gutangira gutemba hagati ya A na B. Ibi birashobora gukorwa kumashanyarazi make cyane (munsi ya 5 volt ) n'umuvuduko muke (gukoresha ingufu nke).Ntibishoboka gukoresha gusa abayobora cyangwa insulator.Kuberako abayobora bazahora bitwara, insulator ntizigera zikora kandi semiconductor yonyine igera kumugaragaro no gufunga.

Utarinze gutekereza ku bakinnyi bakabije (bamwe bavuga ngo hitamo ingwe), abantu benshi bahitamo injangwe.Kubakinnyi bakabije, wahitamo ingwe nini?Impamvu igaragara ni: kutagenzurwa no gukomera.Nibyiza cyane nkumuyobora na semiconductor.

Ingwe = umuyobozi (nta kugenzura imiyoboro)

Injangwe = igice cya kabiri (conducivite irashobora kugenzurwa na doping)

Isi ya siyanse irakomeye kandi ikoranabuhanga iryo ariryo ryose ridashobora kugenzurwa ntirizaramba.