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1.Gukoresha cyane ibicuruzwa bya silicon

Mu nganda za semiconductor, ibikoresho bya silicon bikoreshwa cyane mugukora diode / transistor, imiyoboro ihuriweho, ikosora, thyristors, nibindi. By'umwihariko, diode / transistor ikozwe mubikoresho bya silikoni ikoreshwa cyane mubitumanaho, radar, gutangaza, televiziyo, kugenzura byikora , n'ibindi.;imiyoboro ihuriweho ikoreshwa cyane muri mudasobwa zitandukanye, itumanaho, gutangaza, kugenzura byikora, amasaha ya elegitoroniki, ibikoresho, na metero, nibindi.;gukosora bikoreshwa cyane mugukosora;thyristors ikoreshwa cyane muri Rectifiers ikoreshwa cyane mugukosora, kwanduza DC, no gukwirakwiza, moteri y'amashanyarazi, ibikoresho byo kwifata, ibikoresho byihuta cyane, nibindi.;imishwarara ya ray ikoreshwa cyane mugusesengura ingufu za atome, kumenya kwantumucyo;imirasire y'izuba ikoreshwa cyane mubijyanye no kubyara ingufu z'izuba.

2.Hariho ibikoresho bya chip bizaza bishobora gusimbuza silicon?

Silicon ni ibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane muri iki gihe, ariko kuvuka kwa graphene, uzwi ku izina rya "umwami w’ibikoresho bishya", byatumye abahanga benshi bavuga ko graphene ishobora kuba inzira nziza ya silikoni, ariko bizaterwa ahanini n’inganda zayo. iterambere.

Kuki graphene itoneshwa?Usibye imiterere yacyo ya semiconductor, itari munsi ya silicon, ifite kandi ibyiza byinshi silikoni idafite.Nkuko imipaka yo gutunganya silicon ifatwa nkubugari bwa 10nm, mu yandi magambo, uko inzira itarenze 10nm, niko ibicuruzwa bya silicon bitajegajega bizaba byinshi kandi bizasaba inzira.Kugirango ugere kurwego rwo hejuru rwo kwishyira hamwe no gukora, ibikoresho bishya bya semiconductor bigomba gutunganywa, kandi graphene iba ihitamo ryiza.Abahanga mu bya siyansi babonye ingaruka za kwant muri graphene ku bushyuhe bw’icyumba, kandi ibikoresho ntibisubira inyuma iyo bihuye n’umwanda, byerekana ko bifite amashanyarazi akomeye.Byongeye kandi, graphene igaragara nkaho ibonerana, kandi imiterere ya optique ntabwo ari nziza gusa ahubwo irahinduka nubunini bwa graphene.Uyu mutungo rero ufatwa nkuwujuje ibisabwa muri optoelectronics.

Ahari impamvu yo gutereta kwa graphene nayo biterwa nindi miterere yayo: carbone nanomaterial.Carbone nanotubes idafite uburinganire, imiyoboro idafite akamaro ikozwe mu mpapuro za graphene yazungurutswe mu mubiri ufite amashanyarazi meza cyane n'inkuta zoroshye.Mubyukuri, chip ya karubone nanotube ni ntoya kuruta silikoni chip kurwego rumwe rwo kwishyira hamwe;hiyongereyeho, carbone nanotubes ubwayo itanga ubushyuhe buke cyane, bufatanije nubushobozi bwiza bwumuriro, bushobora kugabanya gukoresha ingufu;naho kubijyanye nigiciro cyo kubona ibintu bya karubone, ntabwo bigoye kubona ibikoresho bya karubone, ukurikije ikwirakwizwa ryayo hamwe nibintu binini bingana kwisi.

Birumvikana ko ubu graphene yakoreshejwe muri ecran, bateri, nibikoresho byambarwa, kandi abahanga bateye intambwe ishimishije muriki gice cyubushakashatsi, ariko muri rusange, niba graphene igomba gusimbuza silikoni koko igahinduka ibikoresho nyamukuru bya chip, imbaraga nyinshi zizabikora bikenewe mubikorwa byo gukora nubuhanga bwibikoresho bifasha.